中美环境法治交流项目

美国环保总署第五区办公室 环保总署的任务是保护人类健康和环境。从1970年开始，环保总署一直致力于为美国人民建立一个更清洁、更健康的环境。 我们是谁？ 环保总署在全国范围内雇佣了1万7千人，包括我们在华盛顿的总部办公室、十个地区办公室、以及十多个实验室。我们的员工都接受过高等教育，在技术方面受过很好的培训；一半以上是工程师、科学家或政策分析师。另外，还有大量的员工是 法律、公共事务、财务、信息管理以及计算机方面的专家。环保总署由署长领导。署长由美国总统委任。 我们做什么？ 环保总署领导着全国的环境科学、研究、教育和评估工作。 制定和实施规则：环保总署为环境项目制定国家标准，并将发布许可证以及监督和保障守法的责任委托给各州和部落。当国家标准得不到遵守时，环保总署可以予以制裁，并且采取措施帮助州或部落达到想要的环境质量水准。 提供资助：环保总署实施的预算中有百分之四十到五十通过拨款的方式直接用于支持各州、非营利性机构和教育性机构的环境项目。这些资金被用于支持改进作为环境问题决策科学根据的研究，帮助环保总署达到其目标。 进行环境研究：环保总署评估环境状况，并确定、了解和解决当前的和未来的环境问题，在解决新环境问题和提高风险评估和风险管理的科学和技术上起到领导作用。 支持志愿合作及项目： 环保总署总部和地区办公室与超过一万家的工业、商业、非营利性组织、州和地方政府在40多个污染防治志愿项目和能源节约工作中进行合作。合作方们设置了志愿的污染管理目标。作为回报，环保总署提供了激励，比如给予所需的公开认可和最新的信息。 继续环境教育：环保总署推动教育的工作，以造就有环境良知和责任心的公众，并激发个人关心环境的责任感。 发布信息：通过书面资料和网站，环保总署向大众告知自己的活动。 第五区办公室工作重点 “中西和大湖”区工作重点的确定是根据：署长行动计划；环保总署在“生态区域”方面突显出的工作；各州和部落之间协商共同认定的重点；以及根据追踪该地区办公室年度绩效的办法得出。为了做好这些重点工作，第五区办公室将保证其决策和行动都与署长的“结果和问责”原则，以及“改革、合作和现有最先进科学”原则相一致。为了遵守这些原则，第五区一方面通过提供帮助和有力执法来保证守法，另一方面与州、部落和地方环境制定和管理人员(regulator)合作，通过培育托管制度（stewardship）以及扩大志愿工作来保护人类健康和环境。 大气 ·通过改造等技术扩大生物燃料的使用和减少柴油废气排放 ·解决在臭氧和PM2.5达不到全国环境空气质量标准的问题 ·确保国内能源项目许可的及时性和效率性 ·保护社区免受有害大气污染物的污染 水 ·保护和恢复分水岭，使用自愿的办法和强制的办法，尤其是通过与农业部门合作 ·改良水质量检测项目以保护公众健康，恢复河湖水质以供娱乐 土地 ·减少孩童铅中毒的影响范围 ·通过扩大资源保护和自愿保护项目推动托管制 ·清理泄漏，促进受污染土地的复原，加速受污染土地重新用于生产 多媒体 ·实现环保总署“大湖区域合作”的承诺 ·完善区域灾难和国土安全的计划，提高准备和反应能力 ·在继续提高部落能力的同时，在印第安地区实施项目 人力资本 ·该地区办公室的体系和组织架构给雇员在取得总署战略目标上提供了支持 ·吸引和保留了一支多样的和有才能的人才队伍 ·帮助该地区办公室非常有能力的员工发挥出最大的潜能 ·保证各级的雇员都关注结果、正直办事；通过改革、创新和合理风险的担负来帮助改善环境项目 ·经常与内部和外部人士进行团队合作和协作 US ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY REGION 5 The mission of the Environmental Protection Agency is to protect human health and the environment. Since 1970, EPA has been working for a cleaner, healthier environment for the American people. Who We Are EPA employs 17,000 people across the country, including our headquarters offices in Washington, DC, 10 regional offices, and more than a dozen labs. Our staff are highly educated and technically trained; more than half are engineers, scientists, and policy analysts. In addition, a large number of employees are legal, public affairs, financial, information management and computer specialists. EPA is led by the Administrator, who is appointed by the President of the United States. What We Do EPA leads the nation's environmental science, research, education and assessment efforts. Develop and enforce regulations: EPA sets national standards for environmental programs, and delegates to states and tribes the responsibility for issuing permits and for monitoring and enforcing compliance. Where national standards are not met, EPA can issue sanctions and take other steps to assist the states and tribes in reaching the desired levels of environmental quality. Offer financial assistance: Between 40 and 50 percent of EPA's enacted budgets provide direct support through grants to environmental programs of States, non-profits and educational institutions. They support research that will improve the scientific basis for decisions on national environmental issues and help EPA achieve its goals Perform environmental research: The Agency works to assess environmental conditions and to identify, understand, and solve current and future environmental problems and provide leadership in addressing emerging environmental issues and in advancing the science and technology of risk assessment and risk management. Sponsor voluntary partnerships and programs: The Agency headquarters and regional offices work with over 10,000 industries, businesses, non-profit organizations, and state and local governments, on over 40 voluntary pollution prevention programs and energy conservation efforts. Partners set voluntary pollution-management goals. In return, EPA provides incentives like vital public recognition and access to emerging information. Further environmental education: EPA advances educational efforts to develop an environmentally conscious and responsible public, and to inspire personal responsibility in caring for the environment. Publish information: Through written materials and this Web site, EPA informs the public about our activities. Region 5 Priorities The priorities for the Midwest and Great Lakes derive from the Administrator's action plan; the Agency's emerging work in Eco-Regions; joint priorities negotiated with states and tribes and finally, the measures used to track the Region's annual performance. In addressing these priorities, Region 5 will ensure that decisions and actions are consistent with the Administrator's principles of Results and Accountability; Innovation and Collaboration and Best Available Science. In keeping with the principles, the Region, through partnerships with state, tribal and local environmental regulators, will work to protect human health and the environment by fostering stewardship and furthering voluntary efforts while ensuring compliance with environmental laws through assistance and vigorous enforcement. Air ·Expand the use of biofuels and reduce diesel emissions through retrofit and other technologies ·Address NAAQS non-attainment for ozone and PM 2.5 ·Ensure timely and streamlined permitting for domestic energy projects ·Protect communities from hazardous air pollutants Water ·Protect and restore watersheds, using voluntary and regulatory approaches, especially through partnerships with agriculture ·Enhance water quality monitoring programs to: ·Protect public health and restore lakes and rivers for recreation; Land ·Reduce the incidence of childhood lead poisoning; ·Promote stewardship through increased re-source conservation and voluntary conservation programs ·Clean up spills, facilitate the restoration of contaminated properties and accelerate their return to productive use Multi-Media ·Meet Agency commitments to the Great Lakes Regional Collaboration ·Improve regional disaster and homeland security planning, preparedness and response capabilities ·Implement programs in Indian country while continuing to build Tribal capacity Human Capital ·The Region's systems and organizational structures support its employees in accomplishing the Agency's strategic goals ·Attract and retain a diverse and talented workforce ·Help the Region's highly capable employees perform to their highest potential ·Ensure that employees at all levels are results-focused, act with integrity and help to improve environmental programs through innovation, creativity and reasonable risk-taking ·Teamwork and collaboration are routinely practiced with internal and external customers